Importance of Endocrine evaluation is as much important as semen analysis and should be performed along with semen analysis report.

Endocrine evaluation includes Serum levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone FSH, Luteinizing Hormone LH, and testosterone T. Estrogen E2 or Prolactin PRL required in certain patient. FSH level reflects seminiferous activity   while LH level reflects Leyding cell activity, gynecomastia reflects high Serum Estrogen level. PRL levels are important when there is associate condition like galactorrhea, visuals disturbance, signs of renal  failure, acromegaly and  impotence.

Endocrine abnormalities reflects in semen analysis in male, semen analysis shows Oligospermia ( ejaculate sperm count less than 20 million /milliliter )  and / or Asthenospermia (  sperm motility poor, less than 40 % ) requires through examination of patient including past history and physical examination to find out causative factor like tobacco habits, substance abuse, occupational hazards, environmental factor, toxins, sexual history and genital examination for varicocele and testicular abnormalities.

High FSH along with high LH and low testosterone confirms failure of testicular function. Azoospermia with Leyding cell and Germinal cell failure found in patient.

FSH level normal with elevated level of Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone LH reflects androgen insensitivity.

FSH level normal with normal level of Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone LH is commonly seen in patient with male infertility.

FSH level low with normal level of Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone LH found in few cases.